History of Concrete

Concrete, a material I've worked with extensively throughout my career as a landscaper, has a long and storied history. I've come to appreciate how this remarkable material has shaped our built environment. Let's take a look at how concrete, especially in the form of pavers, has evolved over the years.

Early Beginnings

The journey of concrete began around 6500 BC in ancient Syria and Jordan. Back then, it was a basic mix used for building structures and water storage.

This early form of concrete was composed of materials readily available in the environment. The primary components were lime and local aggregates like crushed stones or sand. The lime acted as a binder, a substance that holds materials together, kind of like glue, while the aggregates provided strength and volume.

The process of making this early concrete was straightforward. Lime, obtained by heating limestone or seashells in a kiln, was mixed with water to create a paste. This lime paste was then combined with aggregates to form a rudimentary concrete. The mixture was laid and formed into desired shapes, often used for constructing small buildings, homes, or cisterns for water storage.

Roman Era

The Romans took concrete to a new level. By 300 BC, they had developed what we call opus caementicium, a mix of volcanic ash, lime, and seawater. The durability of this concrete was remarkable. The Pantheon, with its concrete dome, is a living testament to that. As a landscaper, I admire the longevity and strength of Roman concrete.

The Middle Ages

After the Roman Empire fell, concrete fell out of favor. Europe returned to stone and brick. It was a quiet period for concrete, but not the end.

18th Century Rediscovery

In the 18th century, concrete made a comeback. John Smeaton's hydraulic lime and later Joseph Aspdin's invention of Portland cement laid the foundation for modern concrete. This was a turning point, making concrete more reliable and versatile.

19th Century

The 19th century saw concrete become a key player in construction, thanks to Portland cement. It was during this time that reinforced concrete was born. This advancement was crucial – it meant concrete structures could be stronger and more varied.

20th Century

The 20th century was when concrete really shone, especially in architecture. The use of reinforced concrete allowed for new designs and structures. In my line of work, this period was significant because it led to the development of concrete pavers. Their durability and versatility make them ideal for landscaping projects.

Concrete Pavers: A Landscaper's Perspective

Having worked with concrete pavers for over 30 years, I am impressed by their durability, ease of installation and a timeless aesthetic. Whether it's a garden path, a driveway, or a patio, concrete pavers provide a functional and attractive solution. Their variety in shape, color and texture allows for endless creative possibilities.